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Hangover


The unpleasant feeling that is commonly experienced during the morning after a long night of celebration is called a hangover. Hangover is typically caused by the excessive consumption of liquor and it is characterized by disagreeable physical and mental symptoms. The risk of suffering from a hangover increases as the quantity of drug or alcohol consumption increases. However, alcohol tolerance differs among individuals. Some individuals may suffer from a hangover after consuming one or two casual glasses of wine with their meals while others may not suffer from a hangover after consuming five glasses of wine.

All of the symptoms of a hangover generally subside without treatment within a time period of eight to 24 hours.

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Causes and Risk Factors

As mentioned earlier, hangover occurs after an individual consumes excessive alcohol. The feeling of a hangover indicates that the quantity of consumed alcohol exceeds the amount that the body can properly metabolize. Approximately 75 percent of individuals who consume alcohol will suffer from a hangover if they consume too much, although the effects will vary. Some of the causes that lead to hangover from alcohol are described below:


Dehydration and Electrolyte Imbalance: Alcohol is a diuretic so it increases the frequency of urination and as a result causes dehydration. This leads to giddiness, nausea, and increased thirst. Besides dehydration, the individual suffers from other conditions such as sweating, vomiting, and diarrhea during a hangover, which can cause further fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances in the body.
Gastrointestinal Disturbances: Alcohol is harmful to the stomach lining. It promotes the production of gastric acid as well as pancreatic and intestinal secretions. These factors can cause pain in the upper abdominal area, nausea, and vomiting, which are all commonly experienced during a hangover.
Disturbance of Sleep and Other Biological Rhythms: Although alcohol has a sedating effect, it adversely affects the quality of sleep, thus causing exhaustion.
Low Blood Sugar: Numerous variations in the metabolic state of the liver and other organs that occur because of alcohol can lead to low blood sugar levels or hypoglycemia. This can make an individual weary, unsteady, and irritable.
Headache: Alcohol enlarges your blood vessels, and this leads to throbbing headaches.
Other causes: Acetaldehyde, which is an alcohol by-product, can accumulate in the body and cause an individual to feel ill. Other chemicals that are present in alcohol such as congeners can also cause hangover.

Women are usually more prone to suffering from hangovers than are men and researchers believe that this difference occurs because women tend to weigh less than men and their bodies contain less water, which increases the risk of intoxication and subsequent hangovers. Some people are genetically more susceptible to suffer from hangover. The manner in which alcohol is metabolized varies among individuals, which means that some people may sweat or become sick after consuming even a tiny amount of alcohol.

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