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Headaches


According to the National Headache Foundation, more than 45 million Americans suffer from chronic, recurring headaches. A headache is not a disease; it is an indication of that there is something wrong with the physical and mental condition of the body. They are very common and are not usually considered to be serious. Severe headaches do not necessarily indicate that there is a serious disorder. However, in some cases headaches can be quite painful and bothersome. Headaches are generally treated with over-the-counter pain relievers, prescription drugs, natural therapy, and lifestyle changes.



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Causes and Risk Factors

Headaches involve mild to severe pain in one or more parts of the head as well as the back of the neck. There are several types of headache patterns and numerous causes that lead to this condition. Headaches can be broadly categorized into two major types: primary and secondary. Migraine headaches, tension headaches, and cluster headaches belong to the primary headache category. The underlying causes of secondary headaches are usually certain diseases that may be minor or serious and life threatening.

Tension headache is the most common type of headache and is a result of contraction of the muscles that are present in the head and neck areas. Some of the causes of tension headache are stress, sleep deprivation, fatigue, eyestrain, irregular eating pattern (skipping meals), alcohol, tobacco, hormonal changes, food additives, and cold food such as ice cream, chocolates, and aged cheese. Withdrawal from an addiction such as caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and recreational drugs can also cause headaches. Migraine headaches are caused by the constriction of the blood vessels of the head and neck, which leads to restricted blood flow to these vessels.

Women are usually more prone to this type of headache.

Cluster headaches are rare, extremely painful, and disabling headaches that occur in groups or clusters. The sufferers typically experience piercing headaches near one eye or temple that may last from 15 minutes to three hours. Some cluster headaches may even last for the duration of three days. They are typically cyclic in nature with the sufferer experiencing the headache at the same time every day.

Some of the causes of secondary headache are diseases such as brain tumor, stroke, head trauma, meningitis, and metabolic disorders (such as diabetes and thyroid disease). Headaches can also occur as one of the symptoms of diseases involving the eyes, ears, neck, teeth, or sinuses. Certain types of medication also produce headache as a side effect.

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